Efficacy of a virtual nursing simulation-based education to provide psychological support for patients affected by infectious disease disasters: a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Effects of virtual simulation-based education (N = 93)

Variables	Group	Pre-test		Post-test		t(p)	Difference		F(p)
Variables	Group	Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD		t(p)	Mean ± SD		F(p)
Disaster mental health competence	Exp. (n = 45)	48.13	± 13.90	70.51	± 9.11	-10.605 (< 0.001)	22.38	± 14.16	5.149 (0.026*)
Disaster mental health competence	Cont. (n = 48)	53.33	± 10.58	68.38	± 9.52	-12.915 (< 0.001)	15.04	± 8.07	5.149 (0.026*)
Problem solving process	Exp. (n = 45)	73.07	± 13.66	88.24	± 12.39	-9.564 (< 0.001)	15.18	± 10.65	3.024 (0.003)
Problem solving process	Cont. (n = 48)	75.75	± 14.91	83.77	± 12.78	-4.601 (< 0.001)	8.02	± 12.08	3.024 (0.003)
Self-leadership	Exp. (n = 45)	54.87	± 6.83	59.58	± 6.99	-6.381 (< 0.001)	4.71	± 4.95	2.063 (0.042)
Self-leadership	Cont. (n = 48)	57.48	± 6.75	60.10	± 6.53	-3.792 (< 0.001)	2.63	± 4.80	2.063 (0.042)
Learning self-efficacy	Exp. (n = 45)	55.40	± 6.27	58.84	± 6.79	-5.607 (< 0.001)	3.44	± 4.12	3.450 (0.001)
Learning self-efficacy	Cont. (n = 48)	56.81	± 6.55	57.13	± 6.81	− 0.471 (0.640)	0.31	± 4.60	3.450 (0.001)
Motivation to transfer	Exp. (n = 45)	49.31	± 8.92	54.29	± 7.72	-4.528 (< 0.001)	4.98	± 7.37	2.095 (0.039)
Motivation to transfer	Cont. (n = 48)	50.50	± 7.26	51.85	± 8.33	-1.026 (0.310)	1.35	± 9.14	2.095 (0.039)

*ANCOVA conducted with the covariate of pretest value, Exp.=experimental group, Cont.=control group

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