Table 1 Q-sample statements
From: Unsafe clinical practices as perceived by final year baccalaureate nursing students: Q methodology
Number | Statement |
|---|---|
1 | The student practices outside of his/her scope |
2 | The student makes independent clinical decisions beyond his/her competency |
3 | The student does not consider the guidance of the clinical educator |
4 | The student does not demonstrate critical thinking through the nursing process |
5 | The student lacks the knowledge needed to assume care of assigned patients |
6 | The student is dishonest (makes up assessment data, covers up mistakes or hides their lack of knowledge) |
7 | The student does not report changing patient conditions |
8 | The student fails to perform care consistent with clinical guidelines and standard procedures (hand washing; confidentiality; body mechanics) |
9 | The student rushes through care |
10 | The student does not respect the rights of patients |
11 | The student demonstrates a pattern of errors (e.g. repeated mistakes) |
12 | The student is unable to control his/her nervousness |
13 | The student does not provide accurate, relevant and timely documentation of client care |
14 | The student has difficulty communicating (verbally or non-verbally |
15 | The student avoids interacting with the patient |
16 | The student avoids consultation and collaboration with the clinical educator and other health team members |
17 | The student is unable to modify care based on emerging patient priorities |
18 | The student does not protect patients from injury or potentially abusive situations |
19 | The student practices with impaired cognition (due to stress, drugs, alcohol, or lack of sleep) |
20 | The student does not demonstrate patient-centeredness (e.g. caring) |
21 | The clinical educator does not appropriately guide student practice |
22 | The clinical educator demonstrates lack of competence in his/her role |
23 | The student does not have access to ongoing performance feedback |
24 | The student is evaluated as successful despite a pattern of unmet clinical expectations |
25 | The student feels overwhelmed by course requirements |
26 | The student has a large gap in time between practice placements |
27 | The clinical educator encourages students to do things beyond their scope |
28 | The clinical educator does not assign clinical learning experiences consistent with student’s learning needs |
29 | The clinical educator has not established a trusting relationship with the student(s) |
30 | Clinical educators and professors do not regularly discuss student progress and expectations |
31 | The clinical educator does not enforce clinical program policies |
32 | The clinical educator does not regularly document evaluations of the student’s performance |
33 | There are no clear guidelines for how to deal with specific behaviours in the clinical setting (when to fail someone or what is considered unsafe student practices) |
34 | There are inconsistent expectations among clinical groups or faculty (skill, workload, hours) |
35 | The clinical educator is overwhelmed by role expectations |
36 | The clinical educator is unable to establish and maintain a positive learning environment |
37 | The formal evaluation processes are unclear |
38 | The clinical educator does not role model established nursing standards |
39 | The student responds defensively to constructive feedback |
40 | The student is taught to cut corners or guided to do things differently than what was taught in school |
41 | The clinical educator does not provide constructive feedback in a confidential manner |
42 | The clinical educator does not set clear expectations with students at the beginning or and throughout the placement |
43 | The student perceives the clinical educator as threatening |