Tobacco cessation Clinical Practice Guideline use by rural and urban hospital nurses: a pre-implementation needs assessment

Table 1 Description of sample population

	Rural (N = 116)	Urban (N = 141)	p value
Current work status full-time % (n)	72% (84)	61% (86)	.06
Year of graduation, M ± SD	1986 ± 12	1989 ± 10	.02
Years worked in current area, M ± SD	14 ± 11	13 ± 10	.59
Smoking status			.02
Daily smoker % (n)	9% (10)	4% (6)
Occasional smoker % (n)	3% (3)	7% (9)
Former smoker % (n)	36% (42)	22% (30)
Never smoker % (n)	53% (61)	67% (90)
Stages of Change (for smokers)			.95
Pre-contemplating quitting % (n)	33% (4)	29% (4)
Contemplating quitting % (n)	58% (7)	64% (9)
Currently in process of quitting % (n)	8% (1)	7% (1)
Time spent intervening with tobacco % (n)			.12
0-3 minutes	35% (39)	42% (58)
3-10 minutes	35% (39)	21% (29)
10+ minutes	4% (4)	4% (5)
Does not counsel	27% (30)	33% (45)
Provides tobacco cessation talks ^a M ± SD	1.2 ± 0.6	1.1 ± 0.4	.15
Believe brief advice to stop smoking is effective^b	2.4 ± 0.9	2.4 ± 1.0	.58
Attitude about intervening ^{b, c} M ± SD	3.2 ± 0.5	3.1 ± 0.5	.18
Confidence with intervening ^d M ± SD*	2.6 ± 0.7	2.3 ± 0.6	< .01
Tobacco counselling perceived as part of role			.01
Very much	44%	28%
Somewhat	53%	63%
Not at all	3%	9%

Note. M represents the arithmetic mean and ± SD represents 1 standard deviation. There were less than 6 missing per group for all analyses except year of graduation--rural was missing 7 and urban was missing 14. The p value was set at α = .01 using a Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons for demographics and beliefs/confidence, and time spent.
^a Scale was 1 = never, 2 = seldom, 3 = occasionally, and 4 = frequently.
^b Scored on a 4-point scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree).
^c The mean represents the average of the 4 attitude items.
^d Scored on a 4-point scale from 1 (not confident) to 4 (very confident). The mean represents the average of the 8 confidence items.

ISSN: 1472-6955