Table 4 Significant effects on nurses’ assessments of their empowerment categories (moral principles, personal integrity, expertise, future-orientedness, sociability) to background variables (n = 318, MANOVA)

Variables

Response format

Adjusted mean

Sum of squares

F-Ratio

p-value

Power (Alpha = 0.05)

 Competence

VAS > 65

4.62

3.82

17.31

p < 0.001

0.99

 Employment sector

Public

4.55

1.48

6.72

p = 0.01

0.73

Variables

Response format

Adjusted mean

Sum of squares

F-Ratio

p-value

Power (Alpha = 0.05)

 Competence

VAS > 65

4.01

4.43

15.98

p < 0.001

0.97

 Age

Over 25 year

4.01

4.6 4

16.76

p < 0.001

0.98

 Planning to change job

Never/seldom

3.94

1.57

5.66

p = 0.018

0.66

 Satisfied with the quality in work unit

Not agree

3.93

1.10

3.98

p = 0.047

0.51

Variables

Response format

Adjusted mean

Sum of squares

F-Ratio

p-value

Power (Alpha = 0.05)

 Competence

VAS > 65

4.64

12.35

46.3

p < 0.001

1.0

 Work schedule

Business hours

3.80

3.19

5.99

p = 0.003

0.88

 Satisfied with nursing profession

Yes

3.75

2.22

8.34

p = 0.004

0.82

Variables

Response format

Adjusted mean

Sum of squares

F-Ratio

p-value

Power (Alpha = 0.05)

 Competence

VAS > 65

3.78

13.81

40.8

p < 0.001

1.0

 Planning to change job

Never/seldom

3.67

2.76

8.17

p = 0.005

0.81

 Satisfied with nursing profession

Yes

3.67

1.45

4.29

p = 0.039

0.54

Variables

Response format

Adjusted mean

Sum of squares

F-Ratio

p-value

Power (Alpha = 0.05)

 Competence

VAS > 65

3.95

5.96

15.8

p < 0.001

0.98

 Planning to change job

Never/seldom

3.93

3.24

8.61

p = 0.004

0.83

 Satisfied with current job

Yes

3.94

2.49

6.62

p = 0.011

0.73