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Table 1 Characteristics of 781 frail, older people with and without any type of pain in the Netherlands who received an in-home, nurse-led comprehensive geriatric assessment

From: Expanding access to pain care for frail, older people in primary care: a cross-sectional study

N = 781

Pain

No pain

p-value

N = 315

N = 466

Female (%)*

250 (79.4)

270 (57.9)

<0.001

Age*

79.0 SD 7.3 (64.9–97.1)

80.6 SD 7.4 (64.7–98.8)

<0.01

PCS*

30.5 SD 8.2 (11.0–53.6)

37.1 SD 9.3 (14.9–61.8)

<0.001

MCS

50.0 SD 10.3 (17.8–70.6)

50.3 SD 10.6 (13.9–70.5)

0.71

Katz IADL*

3.89 SD 2.7 (0–15)

3.45 SD 2.6 (0–13)

0.25

Living situation (%)

   

 Independent, alone

181 (57.5)

247 (53.0)

0.06

 Independent, with others

106 (33.7)

191 (41.0)

 Home for the aged or residential care

28 (8.9)

28 (6.0)

Education (%)

   

 Primary

124 (39.4)

142 (30.5)

0.09

 Secondary

147 (46.7)

248 (53.2)

 Higher

43 (13.7)

74 (15.9)

Self-reported conditions (%)

   

 Asthma, COPD

76 (24.1)

134 (28.8)

0.08

 Diabetes Mellitus

101 (32.1)

152 (32.6)

0.43

 Depression*

66 (21.0)

72 (15.5)

0.03

 Cancer

36 (11.4)

52 (11.2)

0.48

 Cerebrovascular disease

21 (6.7)

30 (6.4)

0.50

 Osteoporosis*

123 (39.0)

121 (26.)

<0.001

 Urinary incontinence*

125 (39.7)

157 (33.7)

0.05

  1. PCS Physical Component Summary score of the Short Form-12 quality of life questionnaire, MCS Mental Component Summary score of the Short Form-12 questionnaire, IADL Independence in Activities of Daily Living
  2. *Significant difference (p < 0.05)