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Table 5 Post hoc paired tests

From: Emergency nurses´ knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers regarding pain Management in Resource-Limited Settings: cross-sectional study

Education Level

Mean Difference

95% CI

p-value

bDiploma vs aCertificate

2.34

−1.71- 6.39

0.361

cBachelor vs aCertificate

14.25

9.42–19.08

< 0.001

cBachelor vs bDiploma

11.90

7.09–16.72

< 0.001

  1. aNurse assistants with 1–2 years of training, bRegistered nurses with three years of training
  2. cNurse practitioners with four years of training, CI = Confidence interval
  3. Mean difference is significant at p-value < 0.001,