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Table 2 Description of the work environment and health outcomes among participating registered nurses (n = 170)

From: Work environment-related factors and nurses’ health outcomes: a cross-sectional study in Lebanese hospitals

 

Type of shift

Type of service

Day

Night

Medical

Surgical

Pediatrics

Mean (SD)

Work environment factors

(scale range)

aOverall workload scale (0–10)

6.9 (1.3)

6.5 (1.2)

6.8 (1.3)

7.0 (1.1)

6.4 (1.3)

aWorkload items (0–10)

  Mental demand

8.6 (1.4)

8.4 (1.9)

8.4 (1.6)

8.9 (1.5)

8.6 (1.7)

  Physical demand

7.7 (2.2)

7.3 (2.1)

7.5 (2.2)

7.9 (2.2)

7.6 (2.1)

  Temporal demand

7.9 (1.8)*

7.2 (2.2)*

7.6 (2.0)

8.1 (1.8)

7.2 (2.1)

  Frustration demand

6.7 (2.4)

6.1 (2.4)

6.6 (2.3)

6.6 (2.7)

5.9 (2.3)

  Effort demand

7.7 (1.9)

7.7 (2.1)

7.6 (2.0)

8.0 (1.7)

7.5 (2.3)

  Performance satisfaction

7.2 (2.3)

7.8 (2.0)

7.0 (2.3)**

7.6 (1.9)

8.3 (1.9)**

bStaffing resources adequacy (1–4)

2.4 (0.8)

2.4 (0.9)

2.3 (0.8)

2.2 (0.9)*

2.7 (0.8)*

bLeadership (1–4)

3.0 (0.6)

3.0 (0.7)

3.1 (0.6)

2.9 (0.7)

3.0 (0.6)

cTeamwork climate (1–5)

3.8 (0.7)

3.8 (0.7)

3.8 (0.7)

3.7 (0.7)

4.0 (0.6)

dCount of tasks performed by RNs (scale range: 0–25)

16.6 (0.3)

16.3 (0.5)

16.3 (3.3)*

15.8 (3.7)*

18.1 (3.9)*

 

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

Health outcomes

eMusculoskeletal disease

84 (74%)

33 (59%)

67 (71%)

30 (71%)

20 (59%)

eCardiovascular disease

46 (40%)

17 (30%)

37 (39%)

12 (29%)

14 (41%)

eMental disorder

69 (61%)

26 (46%)

59 (63%)

19 (45%)

17 (50%)

eSkin disease

51 (45%)

20 (36%)

43 (46%)

15 (36%)

13 (38%)

fEmotional exhaustion

70 (61%)

30 (54%)

57 (61%)*

29 (69%)*

14 (41%)*

  1. **P-value< 0.01; *P-value< 0.05
  2. aWorkload: the overall workload scale is the mean score of the six items of the NASA TLX scale (mental, physical, temporal, frustration, effort and performance satisfaction demands) where each item ranges from 0 to 10; higher scores indicate higher workload demands
  3. bStaffing resources adequacy and leadership: a mean score of staffing resources adequacy subscale (4items) and leadership subscale (4items) ranging from 1(strongly disagree) to 4(strongly agree)
  4. cTeamwork climate: a mean score of teamwork subscale (5items) ranging from 1(strongly disagree) to 3(neutral) to 5(strongly agree)
  5. dCount of tasks performed by RNs: a score summarizing the number of tasks done exclusively and mostly by RNs
  6. ePhysical health diseases: 0 = disease does not exist, 1 = disease exists (based on own diagnosis or a diagnosis by doctor). fEmotional exhaustion: 0 = low emotional exhaustion, 1 = high emotional exhaustion