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Table 4 Work environment factors and nurses’ health outcomes (n = 170)

From: Work environment-related factors and nurses’ health outcomes: a cross-sectional study in Lebanese hospitals

 

Musculoskeletal disease

Cardiovascular disease

Skin disease

Mental disorder

Emotional exhaustion

OR [95% CI]

Work environment factors (scale range)

aOverall workload scale (0–10)

1.36 [1.03, 1.80]*

1.18 [0.90, 1.53]

1.11 [0.86, 1.43]

1.53 [1.16, 2.01]**ϵ

1.88 [1.38, 2.55]** ϵ

aWorkload items (0–10)

  Mental demand

1.08 [0.87, 1.34]

1.12 [0.90, 1.39]

0.95 [0.77, 1.16]

1.07 [0.87, 1.31]

1.15 [0.94, 1.42]

  Physical demand

1.20 [1.03, 1.40]*

1.08 [0.93, 1.25]

1.04 [0.90, 1.21]

1.13 [0.98, 1.31]

1.11 [0.96, 1.29]

  Temporal demand

1.30 [1.09, 1.55]** ϵ

1.03 [0.87, 1.21]

1.09 [0.93, 1.29]

1.24 [1.05, 1.47]*ϵ

1.26 [1.06, 1.49]**ϵ

  Frustration demand

1.13 [0.98, 1.30]

1.09 [0.95, 1.25]

1.12 [0.98, 1.29]

1.22 [1.06, 1.41]**ϵ

1.39 [1.19, 1.62]**ϵ

  Effort demand

1.03 [0.87, 1.22]

1.06 [0.91, 1.25]

0.98 [0.84, 1.15]

1.07 [0.91, 1.25]

1.26 [1.06, 1.49]**

  Performance satisfaction

1.01 [0.86, 1.18]

0.99 [0.85, 1.14]

1.00 [0.87, 1.16]

0.82 [0.70, 0.97]*

0.81 [0.69, 0.96]*

bStaffing resources adequacy (1–4)

0.82 [0.54, 1.25]

1.26 [0.84, 1.90]

1.15 [0.78, 1.72]

0.81 [0.54, 1.20]

0.54 [0.35, 0.82]**ϵ

bLeadership (1–4)

0.75 [0.43, 1.31]

0.71 [0.42, 1.21]

0.93 [0.56, 1.56]

0.65 [0.38, 1.11]

0.80 [0.47, 1.35]

cTeamwork climate (1–5)

0.60 [0.36, 0.98]*

0.81 [0.51, 1.29]

0.71 [0.45, 1.12]

0.62 [0.39, 0.99]*

0.70 [0.44, 1.11]

dCount of tasks performed by RNs (0–24)

1.11 [1.01, 1.23]*

1.01 [0.92, 1.11]

1.11 [1.004, 1.23]*

1.07 [0.97, 1.17]

0.94 [0.85, 1.03]

  1. Odds ratios estimated from regression models ran separately for each health outcome and each individual work-related predictor, adjusted for the hospital center (1 = Center A, 2 = Center B), type of shift (1 = Day shift, 2 = Night shift), and type of service (1 = Medical service, 2 = Surgical service, 3 = Pediatric service)
  2. **P-value< 0.01, *P-value< 0.05, ϵ P-value < the false discovery rate corrected significance threshold
  3. aWorkload: the overall workload scale is the mean score of the six items of the NASA TLX scale (mental, physical, temporal, frustration, effort and performance satisfaction demands) where each item ranges from 0 to 10; higher scores indicate higher workload demands
  4. bStaffing resources adequacy and leadership: a mean score of staffing resources adequacy subscale (4items) and leadership subscale (4items) ranging from 1(strongly disagree) to 4(strongly agree)
  5. cTeamwork climate: a mean score of teamwork subscale (5items) ranging from 1(strongly disagree) to 3(neutral) to 5(strongly agree)
  6. dCount of tasks performed by RNs: a score summarizing the number of tasks done exclusively and mostly by RNs