Table 4 Hospital and patient variables as predictors of 30-day mortality after discharge across all patients (n = 129,923)

Hospital type

Tertiary hospital

0.98–1.58

.067

Secondary hospital

Hospital ownership

Public sector

0.72–1.58

.764

Educational foundation

0.92–1.96

.124

Medical or other corporation

0.88–1.82

.197

Private corporation

Hospital location

Seoul

0.78–1.23

.851

Metropolitan cities

0.79–1.14

.600

Small and medium-sized cities

0.99–1.05

.189

Bed-to-nurse ratios

Level 1 (Less than 2.5)

0.39–0.99

.044

Level 2 (2.5–3.4)

0.42–0.94

.023

Level 3 (3.5–4.4)

0.44–1.21

.219

Level 4 (4.5 or greater)

1.04–1.05

< .001

Sex

Male

1.22–1.60

< .001

Female

Type of surgery

Major craniotomy except for trauma

1.21–2.28

.002

Other craniotomy except for trauma

1.15–2.27

.005

Craniotomy for trauma

0.53–1.03

.072

Cardiac valve procedure with cardiac catheter

0.43–1.33

.334

Cardiac valve procedure without cardiac catheter

0.36–1.13

.123

Coronary bypass with/without cardiac catheter

0.41–1.04

.076

Major reconstructive vascular procedure

1.46–3.93

.001

Amputation for circulatory system disorders

0.76–2.24

.342

Esophageal procedure

0.74–2.08

.410

Major small and large bowel procedure

0.29–0.62

< .001

Stomach and duodenal procedure

0.53–0.93

.015

Pancreas, liver and shunt procedure

Comorbidities or complications

None

0.26–0.55

< .001

Minor

0.77–1.53

.637

Moderate

1.12–2.19

.009

Severe

Type of health insurance

Self-employed beneficiary

0.32–0.89

.017

Self-employed dependent

0.48–1.48

.554

Employed beneficiary

0.25–0.72

.002

Employed dependent

0.37–1.04

.069

Medical Aid beneficiary

0.54–1.77

.929

Medical Aid dependent

Admission route

Emergency department

2.33–3.21

< .001

Outpatient department