Does problem-based learning education improve knowledge, attitude, and perception toward patient safety among nursing students? A randomized controlled trial

Table 4 Results of ANCOVA test for mean scores of knowledge in control and intervention groups

	Total squares	Degree of freedom	Mean Square	f	sig.
Modified model	1619.19	2	809.59	98.76	p = 0.001
Internal effect	360.68	1	360.68	29.34	p = 0.001
Pre-interventional knowledge	285.17	1	285.17	27.11	p = 0.001
Groups	430.17	1	430.17	40.90	p = 0.001
Error	788.75	75	10.51
Total	21,490.00	78
Total result	2407.94	77

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