Fig. 1

Hypothesized model for Sample 1 and Sample 2. a Ellipses represent study variables, Boxes represent questionnaire items, Circles represent error variances. b Arrows linking ellipses are regression paths, Arrows linking ellipses and boxes are factor loadings, Double-arrowed line is covariance, c Parameters to be estimated = 82 (8 regression paths, 35 factors loadings, 38 error variances, and 1 covariance); Degree of freedom = 549