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Table 2 Main themes, category, and sub-category of the barriers of moral courage

From: Iranian nurses’ views on barriers to moral courage in practice: A qualitative descriptive study

Themes

Categories

Sub-Categories

Organizational failure

Repressive environmalet

Unethical climate

Inadequate training

Defective communication

Lack of powerful role models

Mismanagemalet

Aimless assessmalet and evaluation

Unsupportive managers

Deterrent personal identity

Individual characteristics barrier

job interest lack of

Lack of job motivation

Moral silence

low self-esteem

Job conservation

Fear of outcomes

Being self-centered

Job insecurity

Defeated professional identity

Physician paternalism

Doctors who think they know everything

The concentration of power in medicine

Damage professional identity

Professional dependency

Professional powerlessness

Defective professional status