BMC Nursing

Table 2 Independent samples t-test of the SDL readiness and its domains mean score differences among nursing students between groups (n = 401)

From: The impact of facilitation in a problem-based pedagogy on self-directed learning readiness among nursing students: a quasi-experimental study in Tanzania

	Pre-test					Post-test
	Intervention	Control	t-value (399) = −1.354			Intervention	Control	t-value (399) = 2.335
	M (SD)	M (SD)	p-value	95% CI		M (SD)	M (SD)	p-value	95% CI
	M (SD)	M (SD)	p-value	Low	Up	M (SD)	M (SD)	p-value	Low	Up
SDL	22.06 ± 11.90	20.97 ± 11.05	0.082	−0.269	4.453	33.01 ± 13.17	21.94 ± 10.07	0.020	0.486	5.668
SM	5.01 ± 2.07	6.00 ± 3.02	t-value (399) = −1.354			10.11 ± 4.09	5.71 ± 3.11	t-value (399) = 1.354
SM	5.01 ± 2.07	6.00 ± 3.02	0.301	−0.124	2.354	10.11 ± 4.09	5.71 ± 3.11	0.010	0.173	4.026
LI	5.83 ± 1.24	5.02 ± 1.01	t-value (399) = −1.108			9.21 ± 2.39	6.12 ± 1.50	t-value (399) = 1.189
LI	5.83 ± 1.24	5.02 ± 1.01	0.071	−0.052	2.201	9.21 ± 2.39	6.12 ± 1.50	0.031	0.166	4.323
SC	7.07 ± 1.12	6.79 ± 1.08	t-value (399) = −1.027			13.63 ± 5.05	5.13 ± 1.02	t-value (399) = 1.631
SC	7.07 ± 1.12	6.79 ± 1.08	0.108	−0.105	2.081	13.63 ± 5.05	5.13 ± 1.02	0.019	0.646	4.124

Source: Field Data (2019)

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