Table 2 Dimension item responses for patients’ safety culture
From: Patient safety culture in Palestine: university hospital nurses’ perspectives
Item # | Dimensions | Positive Score (Strongly agree/Agree) (%) | Neither (%) | Negative score (strongly disagree/disagree) (%) | Average % of positive response |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dimension 1: Teamwork Within Units | 86% | ||||
A1 | People support one another in this unit | 89.7 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 89.7 |
A3 | When a lot of work needs to be done quickly, we work together as a team to get the work done | 85.0 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 85.1 |
A4 | In this unit, people treat each other with respect | 80.4 | 10.3 | 9.3 | 80.4 |
A11 | When one area in this unit gets really busy, others help out | 89.6 | 3.8 | 6.6 | 89.6 |
Dimension 2: Supervisor/Manager Expectations & Actions Promoting Patient Safety | 59 | ||||
B1 | My supervisor/manager says a good word when he/she sees a job done according to established patient safety procedures | 79.4 | 15.0 | 5.6 | 79.4 |
B2 | My supervisor/manager seriously considers staff suggestions for improving patient safety | 91.6 | 7.5 | 0.9 | 91.6 |
B3 | Whenever pressure builds up, my supervisor/manager wants us to work faster, even if it means taking shortcuts (R)a | 15.0 | 21.5 | 63.6 | 63.6 |
B4 | My supervisor/manager overlooks patient safety problems that happen over and over (R) | 95.3 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
Dimension 3: Organizational Learning—Continuous Improvement | 87 | ||||
A6 | We are actively doing things to improve patient safety | 98.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 98.1 |
A9 | Mistakes have led to positive changes here | 77.6 | 16.8 | 5.6 | 77.6 |
A13 | After we make changes to improve patient safety, we evaluate their effectiveness | 85.0 | 12.1 | 2.8 | 85.1 |
Dimension 4: Management Support for Patient Safety | 69 | ||||
F1 | Hospital management provides a work climate that promotes patient safety | 78.5 | 15.9 | 5.6 | 78.5 |
F8 | The actions of hospital management show that patient safety is a top priority | 83.0 | 12.3 | 4.7 | 83.0 |
F9 | Hospital management seems interested in patient safety only after an adverse event happens (R) | 23.6 | 32.1 | 44.3 | 44.3 |
Dimension 5: Overall Perceptions of Safety | 64 | ||||
A10 | It is just by chance that more serious mistakes don’t happen around here (R) | 50.5 | 18.7 | 30.8 | 30.8 |
A15 | Patient safety is never sacrificed to get more work done | 72.0 | 9.3 | 18.7 | 72.0 |
A17 | We have patient safety problems in this unit (R) | 15.9 | 15.9 | 68.2 | 68.2 |
A18 | Our procedures and systems are good at preventing errors from happening | 86.0 | 10.3 | 3.7 | 86.0 |
Dimension 6: Feedback & Communication About Error | 83 | ||||
C1 | We are given feedback about changes put into place based on event reports | 72.9 | 22.4 | 4.7 | 72.9 |
C3 | We are informed about errors that happen in this unit | 87.9 | 11.2 | 0.9 | 87.9 |
C5 | In this unit, we discuss ways to prevent errors from happening again | 86.9 | 10.3 | 2.8 | 86.9 |
Dimension 7: Communication Openness | 52 | ||||
C2 | Staff will freely speak up if they see something that may negatively affect patient care | 76.6 | 15.9 | 7.5 | 76.6 |
C4 | Staff feel free to question the decisions or actions of those with more authority | 35.5 | 30.8 | 33.6 | 35.5 |
C6 | Staff are afraid to ask questions when something does not seem right (R) | 25.5 | 32.1 | 42.5 | 42.5 |
Dimension 8: Frequency of Events Reported | 76 | ||||
D1 | When a mistake is made, but is caught and corrected before affecting the patient, how often is this reported? | 75.7 | 16.8 | 7.5 | 75.7 |
D2 | When a mistake is made, but has no potential to harm the patient, how often is this reported? | 73.8 | 17.8 | 8.4 | 73.8 |
D3 | When a mistake is made that could harm the patient, but does not, how often is this reported? | 77.6 | 13.1 | 9.3 | 77.6 |
Dimension 9: Teamwork Across Units | 59 | ||||
F2 | Hospital units do not coordinate well with each other (R) | 24.3 | 35.5 | 40.2 | 40.2 |
F4 | There is good cooperation among hospital units that need to work together | 70.1 | 19.6 | 10.3 | 70.1 |
F6 | It is often unpleasant to work with staff from other hospital units (R) | 20.6 | 33.6 | 45.8 | 45.8 |
F10 | Hospital units work well together to provide the best care for patients | 80.4 | 14.0 | 5.6 | 80.4 |
Dimension 10: Staffing | 52 | ||||
A2 | We have enough staff to handle the workload | 67.3 | 10.3 | 22.4 | 67.3 |
A5 | Staff in this unit work longer hours than is best for patient care (R) | 35.5 | 28.0 | 36.4 | 36.5 |
A7 | We use more agency/temporary staff than is best for patient care | 30.8 | 22.4 | 46.7 | 30.8 |
A14 | We work in "crisis mode" trying to do too much, too quickly | 74.8 | 17.8 | 7.5 | 74.8 |
Dimension 11: Handoffs & Transitions | 53 | ||||
F3 | Things “fall between the cracks” when transferring patients from one unit to another (R) | 19.6 | 30.8 | 49.5 | 49.5 |
F5 | Important patient care information is often lost during shift changes (R) | 7.5 | 27.1 | 65.4 | 65.4 |
F7 | Problems often occur in the exchange of information across hospital units (R) | 29.5 | 36.2 | 34.3 | 34.3 |
F11 | Shift changes are problematic for patients in this hospital (R) | 13.1 | 22.4 | 64.5 | 64.5 |
Dimension 12: Nonpunitive Response to Error | 22 | ||||
A8 | Staff feel like their mistakes are held against them (R) | 48.6 | 26.2 | 25.2 | 25.2 |
A12 | When an event is reported, it feels like the person is being written up, not the problem (R) | 45.8 | 25.2 | 29.0 | 29.0 |
A16 | Staff worry that mistakes they make are kept in their personnel file (R) | 72.6 | 17.0 | 10.4 | 10.4 |