Table 5 Comparison of quality of life in various fields between the two groups before intervention (n = 114)

 Control group

11.69 ± 5.19

8.91 ± 4.94

8.04 ± 4.86

F₁ = 14.758

<0.001

 Intervention group

11.10 ± 6.16

6.72 ± 4.83

6.13 ± 4.86

F₂ = 12.574

0.001

 t value

−0.548

−2.393

−2.063

F₃ = 13.549

<0.001

 P¹ value

0.585

0.018

0.041

 Control group

24.26 ± 10.71

19.90 ± 8.12

18.58 ± 6.67

F₁ = 0.278

0.758

 Intervention group t value

20.90 ± 7.73

16.23 ± 7.93

14.33 ± 5.39

F₂ = 4.586

0.037

−1.921

−2.437

−3.745

F₃ = 24.297

<0.001

 P¹ value

0.057

0.016

<0.001

 Control group

27.63 ± 15.03

25.15 ± 11.73

14.62 ± 6.91

F₁ = 2.205

0.120

 Intervention group t value

28.95 ± 15.51

15.93 ± 8.95

10.96 ± 5.02

F₂ = 4.951

0.030

 t value

0.460

−4.713

−3.230

F₃ = 41.149

<0.001

 P¹ value

0.647

<0.001

0.002

 Control group

18.27 ± 8.83

14.47 ± 7.96

15.20 ± 5.48

F₁ = 0.280

0.757

 Intervention groupt value

16.67 ± 10.45

12.71 ± 6.12

10.09 ± 3.77

F₂ = 5.691

0.020

 t value

−0.888

−1.320

−5.806

F₃ = 22.426

<0.001

 P¹ value

0.376

0.190

<0.001

 Control group

14.03 ± 8.54

12.86 ± 5.86

11.89 ± 4.63

F₁ = 0.926

0.402

Intervention group t value

13.45 ± 7.78

9.74 ± 4.24

8.17 ± 4.94

F₂ = 0.363

0.549

 t value

−0.382

−3.257

−4.132

F₃ = 16.150

<0.001

 P¹ value

0.703

0.001

<0.001

 Control group

11.57 ± 3.89

7.84 ± 3.12

11.11 ± 3.64

F₁ = 3.072

0.054

 Intervention groupt value

11.11 ± 3.63

7.49 ± 3.58

7.48 ± 3.58

F₂ = 8.508

0.005

 t value

−0.664

− 0.557

−4.184

F₃ = 78.730

<0.001

 P¹ value

0.508

0.579

<0.001

Control group

35.67 ± 13.88

33.33 ± 15.43

31.58 ± 15.32

F₁ = 5.344

0.008

Intervention groupt value

36.25 ± 13.03

29.82 ± 13.26

21.05 ± 13.18

F₂ = 4.505

0.038

t value

0.232

−1.302

−3.930

F₃ = 20.030

<0.001

P¹ value

0.817

0.196

<0.001