Characteristics of workplace violence, responses and their relationship with the professional identity among nursing students in China: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Table 3 Occurrence of WPV by characteristics of the nursing students

Variables	Group without violence	Group with violence	Occurrence (%)	χ2	P
Gender				0.031	0.859
Female	485	367	43.08
Male	59	43	42.16
Age (year)				0.238	0.888
18–20	40	28	41.18
21–23	465	355	43.29
≥ 24	39	27	40.91
Place of residence				1.382	0.240
City	271	220	44.81
Village	273	190	41.04
Single-child family				0.555	0.555
Yes	313	226	41.93
No	231	184	44.34
Education level				12.165	P<0.001
Bachelor’s degree or higher	185	185	50.00
Junior college	359	225	38.53
School location				16.543	0.002
Shanghai	388	251	39.28
Suzhou	10	14	58.33
Dali	39	37	48.68
Nanchang	43	28	39.44
Hefei	64	80	55.56
Duration of the current internship				0.262	0.608^a
≤ 6	7	3	30.00
>6	537	407	43.11
Student leader				0.082	0.775
Yes	177	137	43.63
No	367	273	42.66
Join school clubs				1.775	0.183
Yes	371	296	44.38
No	173	114	39.72
Major selection incentives				10.398	0.006
Voluntary application	329	210	38.96
Family’s suggestion	121	98	44.75
Major transfer	94	102	52.04
Received training about violence prevention				0.393	0.531
Yes	187	133	41.56
No	357	277	43.69
Concern about violence during the internship				26.258	P<0.001
Not at all	40	18	31.03
Not too much	172	89	34.10
Not sure	69	41	37.27
Slightly worried	225	210	48.28
Extremely worried	38	52	57.78

ISSN: 1472-6955