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Table 3 Comparison between the changes in the scores of self-efficacy and its dimensions in the intervention and control groups

From: Impact of dyadic practice on the clinical self-efficacy and empathy of nursing students

Dimensions of self-efficacy

Control group

Intervention group

p-value

 

Before

After

Change

*p-value

Before

After

Change

*p-value

Model 1**

Model 2***

Assessment

Mean (SD)

39.2 (12.26)

41.35 (6.61)

2.15 (11.83)

0.126

33.2 (5.43)

40.15 (6.67)

6.95 (6.83)

**0.001

0.124

0.885

Nursing diagnosis and planning

Mean SD

24.45 (7.58)

27.7 (5.12)

3.25 (8.95)

0.052

23.65 (5.06)

29.3 (4.66)

5.65 (5.41)

**0.001

0.311

0.375

Implementation

Mean (SD)

32.3 (8.37)

34.6 (6.32)

2.3 (8.26)

0.088

31.05 (5.4)

34.45 (5.33)

3.4 (6.04)

**0.025

0.634

0.907

Evaluation

Mean (SD)

17.15 (5.24)

20.2 (3.9)

3.05 (6.01)

**0.012

15.95 (35.2)

19.2 (2.87)

3.25 (3.24)

**0.001

0.897

0.515

Total self-efficacy

Mean (SD)

113.1 (26.93)

123.85 (19.09)

10.75 (27.95)

**0.044

103.85 (14.89)

123.1 (16.64)

19.25 (16.1)

**0.001

0.246

0.762

  1. * Wilcoxon test for intra-group comparison at the beginning and end of the study
  2. **In Model 1, the Mann-Whitney test was used without adjusting the base values
  3. ***In Model 2, Analysis of covariance was used to adjust the base values