Table 10 Lack of enabling structures

Institutional structures and systems are such that they exclude nurse leaders from being part of the policy process e.g. nurse leaders are in relatively junior positions

96%

1.58

0.83

75%

2.04

1.12

Health policies are developed at national level and then rolled down to other levels (district, provincial & national) for implementation

100%

1.46

0.72

91%

1.55

0.80

Inadequate representation (numbers) of nurse leaders at the policy making forums

96%

1.54

0.83

92%

1.54

0.66

Most appointments into policy making positions are given to doctors

100%

1.29

0.55

100%

1.13

0.34

Other health professionals including doctors represent nurses and nursing issues at health policy development forums as structures are not inclusive of nurse leaders

100%

1.58

0.78

88%

1.54

1.02

Most policy making positions are given to male leaders; thus female leaders cannot participate (gender imbalance)

67%

2.63

1.14

Most of the nursing leadership representatives at health policy development level are as a result of political appointments

68%

2.46

1.38