Integrating simulation training during clinical practice in nursing homes: an experimental study of nursing students’ knowledge acquisition, self-efficacy and learning needs

Table 4 Comparisons of pre- and post-test scores within the control and intervention groups and mean improvement comparisons between the groups

Control n = 38							Intervention n = 50						Mean improvement comparison between groups^a
	Pre-test	Post-test	Mean diff.	95% CI		p	Pre-test	Post-test	Mean diff.	95% CI		p	p	g_Hedges
	Pre-test	Post-test	Mean diff.	Lower	Upper	p	Pre-test	Post-test	Mean diff.	Lower	Upper	p	p	g_Hedges
Knowledge (Mean (SD))	11.8 (3.9)	14.0 (4.1)	2.2 (3.5)	1.0	3.3	0.001	13.2 (4.1)	17.6 (3.6)	4.4 (3.8)	3.3	5.5	< 0.001	< 0.01	0.6
Self-efficacy (Mean (SD))	29.1 (3.8)	30.3 (3.5)	1.2 (4.0)	−0.1	2.5	0.08	28.2 (4.6)	28.9 (3.9)	0.7 (3.8)	−0.4	1.8	0.2	0.6	0.1

SD standard deviation, Mean diff mean difference between pre- and posttest, CI confidence interval, p p-value; g_Hedges effect size
^aComparisons of mean difference from pre- to post- tests between the control and intervention groups

ISSN: 1472-6955