Table 2 Difficulty structure and fit statistics for the 30-Item Knowledge about Older Patient Quiz - TR
From: Hospital nurses’ knowledge about older patients in Turkey: a validation and comparison study
Item description | Difficulty (std. error) | Infit | Outfit |
|---|---|---|---|
1. Forgetfulness, concentration issues, and indecisiveness are parts of aging rather than indicators of depression. | 1.59 (0.19) | 0.99 | 0.98 |
2. Unexpected urinary incontinence in an older person may indicate that the person is suffering from a urinary tract infection. | 0.39 (0.18) | 1.06 | 1.09 |
3. Patients with a cognitive disorder, such as dementia, are at greater risk for delirium. | −1.19 (0.26) | 1.00 | 0.05 |
4. Malnutrition can have negative effects on thinking and observation skills. | −2.30 (0.40) | 0.90 | 0.71 |
5. In general, older people are more sensitive to medication because their kidney and liver functions are declining. | −1.77 (0.32) | 0.94 | 0.83 |
6. Meeting with families during patient assessment is required only for persons suffering from dementia. | −1.40 (0.28) | 0.96 | 0.99 |
7. For older people, bed rest is important to enhance recovery. | 1.00 (0.18) | 1.02 | 1.03 |
8. Patients rarely remember that they were anxious and/or restless during delirium. | 2.19 (0.22) | 0.95 | 0.96 |
9. Older people need less fluid because they exercise less. | −0.50 (0.21) | 0.90 | 0.85 |
10. Asking patients whether they have fallen in the past 6 months is a good way of assessing risk of falling. | 0.17 (0.18) | 1.04 | 1.05 |
11. Pressure that cuts off the blood supply to tissue for two hours may result in pressure ulcers. | −2.00 (0.36) | 0.91 | 0.74 |
12. Depression is recognized in older people less frequently than it is in younger people. | −0.34 (0.20) | 1.00 | 0.98 |
13. Lowering the frequency of a medication is an effective intervention to achieve (medication) adherence by patients. | 1.28 (0.18) | 1.02 | 1.03 |
14. Incontinent patients must have their soiled clothing changed but do not need to be placed on the toilet afterwards. | −2.71 (0.49) | 0.89 | 0.60 |
15. It is good to have older people drink more often, because they have a reduced thirst sensation. | −1.19 (0.26) | 0.98 | 1.02 |
16. In the case of delirium, bright lighting should be used to illuminate all of the corners of the room. | −0.59 (0.21) | 0.98 | 1.03 |
17. Medication may cause geriatric problems such as memory deficits, incontinence, falling, and depression. | −0.38 (0.20) | 0.92 | 0.85 |
18. Overburdening of family caregivers may lead to abuse of the person for whom they are providing care. | −0.94 (0.24) | 0.95 | 0.86 |
19. It is good to provide extensive instruction about how to complete tasks to patients with apraxia. | 2.49 (0.24) | 1.01 | 1.09 |
20. When speaking to hearing-impaired older patients, it is best to speak at normal volume. | 2.28 (0.22) | 0.96 | 0.92 |
21. An older person with a BMI of > 25 cannot be undernourished. | 0.58 (0.18) | 0.92 | 0.91 |
22. In the case of difficulty swallowing, all medicines must be ground to ensure that patients ingest them. | 1.35 (0.18) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
23. In the case of depression, memory problems may occur. | −1.57 (0.30) | 0.88 | 0.66 |
24. Most family caregivers do not need additional support from homecare services. | −1.26 (0.27) | 0.96 | 0.90 |
25. As a nurse, you have to speak clearly into the ear of hearing-impaired older patients. | 3.04 (0.28) | 0.93 | 0.98 |
26. Pain medication should be administered to older people as little as possible, due to the possibility of addiction. | 1.59 (0.19) | 1.01 | 1.03 |
27. We identify pressure ulcers only if blister formation or abrasions have occurred. | −2.71 (0.49) | 0.93 | 0.99 |
28. In the case of delirium, activities should be spread out evenly over the day. | −0.73 (0.22) | 1.03 | 1.04 |
29. The risk of falling is higher for people in the hospital setting than in those who are living at home. | 0.51 (0.18) | 1.03 | 1.03 |
30. Stress incontinence may occur in patients who are not capable of opening their own trousers. | 3.12 (0.29) | 0.97 | 1.16 |