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Table 5 Modeling changes in the average score of knowledge, attitude and performance of nurses over time by adjusting side variables using the GEE model

From: The impact of training chemotherapy safety standards with a smartphone application on the knowledge, attitude, and performance of nurses

Variable

Knowledge

β[%95 CI]

P.Value

Attitude

β[%95 CI]

P.Value

Performance

β[%95 CI]

P.Value

Time

 Before the intervention

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Immediately after the intervention

12.9[10.91, 14.88]

(< 0.001)

3.98[3.19, 4.76]

(< 0.001)

8.18[6.85, 9.51]

(< 0.001)

 One month after the intervention

14.7[12.47, 16.92]

(< 0.001)

4.64[3.92, 5.36]

(< 0.001)

9.28[7.77, 10.78]

(< 0.001)

Marital status

 Single

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Married

0.021[− 2.24, 2.29]

(0.985)

− 0.07[−1.6, 1.4]

(0.92)

−0.99[−2.51, 0.53]

(0.201)

Employment status

 Permanent employee

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Temporary employee

0.65[−2.59, 3.89]

(0.351)

1[−1.14, 3.14]

(0.361)

0.904[−1.01, 2.82]

(0.355)

The Oncology association membership

 Yes

Reference

Reference

Reference

 No

–

−0.6[− 2.5, 1.3]

(0.535)

−2 [−4.42, 0.41]

(0.104)

Age

 –

0.07[−0.29, 0.4]

(0.644)

0.25[0.01, 0.5]

(0.039)

–

Work experience

 –

0.11[− 0.21, 0.43]

(0.493)

−0.01[− 0.33, 0.3]

(0.914)

–

Work experiences in oncology unites

 –

1.17[0.53, 1.81]

(< 0.001)

0.42[−0.002, 0.84]

(0.049)

0.86[0.17, 1.21]

(0.01)