Table 1 Characteristics of Participants in Quantitative Study

Socio-demographic characteristics

Age ^a

31.9 (8.7)

28.7 (6.7)

32.0 (8.8)

-7.901

< 0.001

Marital status

46.985

< 0.001

Single

2741 (34.1)

146 (53.3)

2741 (34.1)

Married

5127 (63.9)

126 (46.0)

5127 (63.8)

Other

162 (2.0)

2 (0.7)

162 (2.0)

Had one or more children

52.618

< 0.001

Yes

4748 (59.1)

104 (38.0)

4644 (59.9)

No

3282 (40.9)

170 (62.0)

3112 (40.1)

Educational level

10.644

0.005

Diploma

3654 (45.5)

112 (40.9)

3542 (45.7)

Graduate

4240 (52.8)

151 (55.1)

4089 (52.7)

Postgraduate

136 (1.7)

11 (4.0)

125 (1.6)

Profession related characteristics

Professional title

17.976

< 0.001

Junior

5542 (69.0)

221 (80.7)

5321 (68.6)

Intermediate and senior

2488 (31.0)

53 (19.3)

2435 (31.4)

Administrative supervisor

0.004

0.950

Yes

918 (11.4)

31 (11.3)

887 (11.4)

No

7112 (88.6)

243 (88.7)

6869 (88.6)

Received caring training in college

1.408

0.495

Yes

6748 (84.0)

237 (86.5)

6511 (83.9)

No

869 (10.8)

24 (8.8)

845 (10.9)

Not sure

413 (5.2)

13 (4.7)

400 (5.2)

Year in nursing profession ^a

11.1 (8.5)

6.8 (5.8)

11.3 (8.5)

-12.490

< 0.001

Year in present organization ^a

9.1 (7.5)

5.8 (4.9)

9.3 (7.6)

-11.278

< 0.001

The number of caring training in the most recent year ^a

1.4 (2.1)

1.4 (1.8)

1.4 (2.1)

-0.423

0.672

Workplace related characteristics

Type of health facility

1.741

0.187

Hospital

7834 (97.6)

264 (96.4)

7570 (97.6)

Community

196 (2.4)

10 (3.6)

186 (2.4)

Human resource

2.865

0.239

Enough

2021 (25.0)

57 (20.8)

1955 (25.2)

Barely enough

3146 (39.2)

116 (42.3)

3030 (39.1)

Not enough

2872 (35.8)

101 (36.9)

2771 (35.7)

Received caring training provided by employers

2.737

0.255

Yes

5981 (74.5)

197 (71.9)

5784 (74.6)

No

1298 (16.2)

54 (19.7)

1244 (16.0)

Not sure

751 (9.3)

23 (8.4)

728 (9.4)

CDI

Total score ^a

107.6 (14.7)

105.3 (17.5)

107.6 (14.6)

-2.480

0.013

Nurturance ^{a, b}

4.4 (0.6)

4.30 (0.72)

4.38 (0.59)

-2.241

0.025

Collaboration ^{a, b}

4.2 (0.6)

4.14 (0.73)

4.23 (0.64)

-2.404

0.016

Skill ^{a, b}

4.2 (0.6)

4.15 (0.74)

4.23 (0.64)

-2.134

0.034