Table 1 General characteristics of the subjects (n = 257)
Variable | Category | n (%) | Health-related quality of life |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 45.76 (7.67) | ||
Age groups (years) | 35–39 | 49 (19.1) | 65.63 (6.62) |
(35–64) | 40–49 | 145 (56.4) | 64.12 (7.84) |
50–59 | 48 (18.7) | 65.91 (6.05) | |
≥ 60 | 15 (5.8) | 64.00 (8.95) | |
F(p) | 1.037 (0.377) | ||
Marital status | Single | 43 (16.7) | 67.66 (7.11) |
Married | 200 (77.8) | 64.25 (7.04) | |
Divorced or Widowed | 14 (5.4) | 62.71 (7.38) | |
F(p) | 4.441 (0.013) | ||
Alcohol | Yes | 106 (41.2) | 64.88 (7.22) |
No | 151 (58.8) | 64.63 (7.52) | |
t(p) | 0.263 (0.793) | ||
Smoking | Yes | 15 (5.8) | 62.50 (10.82) |
No | 242 (94.2) | 64.87 (7.13) | |
t(p) | -1.206 (0.229) | ||
Regular exercise | Yes | 119 (46.3) | 64.64 (7.23) |
No | 138 (53.7) | 64.81 (7.54) | |
t(p) | -0.184 (0.854) | ||
Education | ≤ High school | 57 (22.2) | 64.86 (8.22) |
≥ College | 200 (77.8) | 64.70 (7.15) | |
t(p) | 0.149 (0.882) | ||
Economic status | High | 17 (6.6) | 61.33 (8.49) |
Middle | 204 (79.4) | 64.98 (7.07) | |
Low | 36 (14.0) | 64.98 (8.38) | |
F(p) | 1.947 (0.145) | ||
No. of chronic disease | 0 | 156 (60.7) | 65.19 (7.78) |
1 | 89 (34.6) | 63.66 (6.88) | |
≥ 2 | 12 (4.7) | 66.74 (4.54) | |
F(p) | 1.685 (0.188) | ||
Types of chronic disease | Hypertension | 14 (12.7) | |
(Multiple responses) | Cardiovascular disease | 7 (6.4) | |
Musculoskeletal disorders | 26 (23.6) | ||
Depressive symptoms | 7 (6.4) | ||
Diabetes | 4 (3.6) | ||
High cholesterol | 13 (11.8) | ||
Respiratory disorders (asthma, bronchitis) | 2 (1.8) | ||
Others | 37 (33.6) |