Table 2 Results of two sample paired t-test for pain outcomes (N = 31)
Pain outcomes | Visit 1 Mean (SD) | Visit 7 Mean (SD) | Mean Difference (d) | p-value | Cohen’s D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BPI Worst Pain | 5.25 (1.80) | 3.61 (2.64) | -1.68 | 0.003 | 0.57 |
BPI Least Pain | 2.19 (2.10) | 1.65 (2.30) | -0.55 | 0.239 | 0.21 |
BPI Average Pain | 4.19 (1.55) | 2.61 (2.11) | -1.61 | < 0.001 | 0.77 |
BPI RightNow Pain | 3.19 (2.22) | 2.23 (2.25) | -0.97 | 0.020 | 0.44 |
BPI Pain Severity | 3.70 (1.63) | 2.52 (2.23) | -1.20 | 0.004 | 0.56 |
BPI Total Pain | 34.06 (18.77) | 24.07 (22.19) | -10.23 | 0.004 | 0.54 |
BPI Pain Interference | 2.75 (2.15) | 2.00 (2.16) | -0.77 | 0.020 | 0.43 |
PROMIS Pain Intensity | 52.12 (4.59) | 46.54 (8.87) | -5.61 | 0.002 | 0.62 |