Table 2 Comparison of the mean scores of total moral sensitivity and its dimensions in the three groups before, immediately and three months after the intervention

Modifying autonomy

PBL

Reflective

Control

One way ANOVA

6.16 ± 1.37

5.80 ± 1.38

7.00 ± 1.88

0.02

10.00 ± 0.86

9.32 ± 1.34

6.83 ± 1.60

< 0.001

9.60 ± 1.04

8.32 ± 1.28

6.91 ± 1.63

< 0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.75

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Interpersonal orientation

PBL

Reflective

Control

One way ANOVA

13.52 ± 1.50

13.32 ± 2.39

12.79 ± 2.73

0.51

18.64 ± 1.03

18.00 ± 1.73

12.87 ± 2.50

< 0.001

17.64 ± 1.28

16.16 ± 1.88

12.66 ± 2.33

< 0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.75

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Trust in medical knowledge and principles of care

PBL

Reflective

Control

One way ANOVA

3.80 ± 1.41

3.40 ± 1.73

4.20 ± 1.74

0.23

6.44 ± 1.00

5.56 ± 1.32

4.29 ± 1.42

< 0.001

6.04 ± 0.97

4.80 ± 1.37

4.54 ± 1.55

< 0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.19

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Experiencing moral conflict

PBL

Reflective

Control

One way ANOVA

7.40 ± 1.60

6.28 ± 2.22

6.45 ± 1.86

0.09

10.80 ± 1.19

10.12 ± 1.56

6.83 ± 1.57

< 0.001

10.28 ± 1.02

8.84 ± 1.54

6.70 ± 1.65

< 0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.21

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Structuring moral meaning

PBL

Reflective

Control

One way ANOVA

9.84 ± 1.90

10.88 ± 1.83

9.75 ± 2.43

0.11

16.64 ± 1.49

16.64 ± 1.31

9.70 ± 2.33

< 0.001

15.64 ± 1.55

14.68 ± 1.51

10.00 ± 2.41

0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.40

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Benevolence

PBL

Reflective

Control

One way ANOVA

14.76 ± 2.89

14.48 ± 3.07

14.91 ± 3.30

0.88

23.72 ± 2.11

22.44 ± 2.43

15.04 ± 3.05

< 0.001

22.88 ± 2.20

19.88 ± 2.68

14.58 ± 3.04

< 0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.23

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Total

PBL

Reflective

Control

One way ANOVA

55.48 ± 4.10

54.16 ± 4.80

55.12 ± 6.46

0.65

86.24 ± 4.16

82.08 ± 6.63

55.58 ± 5.19

< 0.001

82.08 ± 4.38

72.72 ± 6.05

55.41 ± 5.24

< 0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.73

P < 0.001

P < 0.001