Table 1 A summary of the studies which have been used in the description of this literature review

Page et al. [11]

49

49

Review

Lifestyle modification

McHugh et al. [12]

49

49

Randomized trial

Lifestyle modification

Su et al. [13]

73

73

Randomized trial

Lifestyle modification

Ruiz-Bustillo et al. [14]

39

39

Randomized trial

Lifestyle modification

Malek et al. [15]

86

78

Randomized trial

Lifestyle modification

Jjiang et al. [16]

52

50

Quasi-experimental design

Cardiac catheterization

Premkumar et al. [17]

31

31

Pilot randomized trial

Cardiac catheterization

Ibrahim et al. [18]

1325

-

Retrospective analysis

Cardiac catheterization

Adel et al. [19]

196

194

Randomized trial

Cardiac catheterization

Williams et al. [20]

100

-

Prospective observational cohort

Cardiac catheterization

Goodman et al. [21]

13

11

Observational study

Cardiac surgery

Kebapci et al. [22]

40

42

Quasi-experimental design

Cardiac surgery

Broers et al. [23]

27

26

Observational study

Cardiac surgery

Goodman et al. [24]

94

94

Randomized trial

Cardiac surgery

McLachlan et al. [25]

462

-

Retrospective study

Heart valve surgery

Cui et al. [26]

48

48

Randomized trial

Heart failure

Qiu et al. [27]

1571

1711

Meta-analysis

Congestive heart failure

Lee et al. [28]

66

25

Retrospective cohort

Heart transplant

Yan et al. [29]

116

119

Randomized trial

Atrial fibrillation

Laurant et al [8]

-

-

Systematic review and meta-analysis

Primary care

Mohan et al [30]

-

-

Pyramid model study

Tele-medicine

Zheng et al. [31]

86

87

Randomized trial

Lifestyle intervention

Buigues et al. [32]

282

344

Randomized trial

Secondary cardiovascular prevention

Al-Mallah [33]

4886

4954

Systematic review and meta-analysis

Clinical outcomes

carrington et al. [34]

-

-

Observational study

Primary prevention