Table 1 Characteristics of the scales used to measure self-care of nurses and their studies
From: A systematic review of the measurement properties of self-care scales in nurses
Scales | Authors (year) | Country | Response options / (no. items) | Dimensions | Measurement properties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Self-Care Behaviors of Nurses Scale (SCBN) | Sabourian Jouybari et al. 2016 [14] | Iran | Likert (34 items) | Nutritional/Physical/Individual Health/Psycho-Social/Belief | - Qualitative content validity/Internal consistency: Cronbach’s alpha: 0.88 |
2. Professional Self-Care Scale (PSC) | Galiana et al. 2015 [29] | Spain | Likert (9 items) | Physical/Internal/Social | - Construct validity: CFA: Adequate fit: (χ2 (24, N = 385) = 140.66, p < 0.01; CFI = 0.91; GFI = 0.93; SRMR = 0.09; and RMSEA = 0.10). All factor loadings and correlations were statistically significant (p < 0.01) /Internal consistency: Reliability indices for the physical, internal and social dimensions (Rho and GLB of 0.64, 0.90, and 0.57, respectively); (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.62, 0.84, and 0.57)/ Hypothesis test: Positive correlations among self-care dimensions and awareness, coping with death, compassion satisfaction (p < 0.01) and negative correlation with secondary trauma (p < 0.05) and burnout (p < 0.01))/Pillai’s criterion: Combined dependent variables were significantly affected by discipline (F (9, 1074) = 2.00, p = 0.04) and gender (F (3, 371) = 3.19, p = 0.02) of professionals |
3. Self-Care Assessment Worksheet (SCA) | Kohli et al. 2020 [30] | India | Likert (70 items) | Physical/Spiritual-Psychological/Mental/Professional/Balance | - Internal consistency: Cronbach’s alpha: 0.86 |
4. Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSC) | Zeb et al. 2022 [31] | Pakistan | Likert (36 items) | Mindful relaxation, physical care/Self-compassion and purpose/Supportive relationships/Supportive structure/Mindful awareness/General | - Internal consistency: Cronbach’s alpha of 0.72 and the alpha for the subscales ranged from 0.65 to 0.72. |
5. Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSC) | Yang et al. 2021 [32] | China | Likert (24 items) . | Mindful relaxation/ Physical care/Self-compassion and purpose/Supportive relationships/Supportive structure/ Mindful awareness | - Item Analysis: CR of 24 items (7.780–19.567); The scores of each item were positively correlated with the total score (r = 0.404–0.740, P < 0.001); Cronbach’s alpha of the translated scale, after deleting each item (0.914– 0.919)/Reliability: Split-half reliability (r = 0.770); Test-retest reliability (r = 0.732)/Internal consistency: Total Cronbach’s alpha of scale: 0.920; Mindful relaxation: 0.919; Physical care: 0.899; Self-Compassion and Purpose: 0.869; Supportive Relationships: 0.933; Supportive structure: 0.850; Mindful awareness: 0.853/Content Validity: I-CVI (0.857–1.000); S-CVI (0.946)/Construct validity: EFA: KMO: 0.883, Bartlett test of Sphericity (2 = 9491.909; P < 0.001), the six factors explained 8.685, 9.787,12.185, 13.422, 14.595, and 14.949% of the variance, respectively after the Varimax rotation; CFA: (χ2/df = 2.431, GFI = 0.917, AGFI: 0.905, PGFI:0.703, RMSEA = 0.043, and CFI = 0.96, IFI:0.96, NFI: 0.91, PNFI:0.78, TLI: 0.95)/Cross-cultural validity |
6. Self-Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ) | Ahmadi et al. 2019 [13] | Iran | Likert (75 items) | Physical health/Mental health/Ability to prioritize/Personal management/Supportive relationships/Being effective in life | - Quality face and content validity/Internal consistency: Cronbach’s alpha: 0.94./Cross-cultural validity |