Relationship between physical activity and perceptions of ageing from the perspective of healthy ageing among older people with frailty with chronic disease: a cross-sectional study

Table 3 Results of hierarchical regression analysis for healthy aging

Variable	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
	β	β	β
Step 1: Demographic
Age	-0.08	0.03	0.06
Frailty (Ref: Pre-frailty)	-0.22^*	-0.12	-0.11
Education (Ref: Junior high school & below)	0.09	0.06	0.06
Marital status (Ref: Single/ Widowed/ Divorced)	0.04	0.04	0.06
Step 2: B-APQ-C and HRC
B-APQ-C
Time-line chronic		0.18^*	0.14^*
Control positive		0.27^***	0.24^***
Negative aging control emotion and consequences		0.11	0.10
Health related changes (HRC)		-0.15^*	-0.16^*
Step 3: PASE-C
Leisure			0.01
Household			-0.03
Work			0.18^**
R²	0.10^***	0.22^***	0.24*
Adjusted R²	0.09	0.19	0.21
F	8.83^***	10.35^***	8.61^***

ISSN: 1472-6955