Table 2 Homogeneity testing of the general characteristics and outcome variables of the two groups
Variables or categories | Total (N = 51) | Exp. (n = 25) | Cont. (n = 26) | X2/t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or Mean ± SD | n (%) or Mean ± SD | n (%) or Mean ± SD | |||
Age (year) | 21.76 ± 1.21 | 21.84 ± 1.11 | 21.69 ± 1.32 | 0.432 | .667 |
Gender | |||||
Male | 11 (21.6) | 5 (20.0) | 6 (23.1) | 0.071 | .789 |
Female | 40 (78.4) | 20 (80.0) | 20 (76.9) | ||
Academic performance (percentile) | |||||
≤ 30 | 13 (25.5) | 6 (24.0) | 7 (26.9) | 0.057 | .811 |
> 30 | 38 (74.5) | 19 (76.0) | 19 (73.1) | ||
Health status | |||||
Healthy | 36 (70.6) | 18 (72.0) | 18 (69.2) | 0.047 | .828 |
Unhealthy | 15 (29.4) | 7 (28.0) | 8 (30.8) | ||
Satisfaction with university life | |||||
Satisfied | 38 (74.5) | 19 (76.0) | 19 (73.1) | 0.057 | .811 |
Unsatisfied | 13 (25.5) | 6 (24.0) | 7 (26.9) | ||
Self-efficacy | 44.75 ± 5.93 | 45.76 ± 5.21 | 43.77 ± 6.50 | 1.203 | .235 |
Critical thinking | 100.16 ± 9.01 | 99.72 ± 10.48 | 100.58 ± 7.52 | 0.337 | .738 |
State anxiety | 44.67 ± 10.93 | 42.16 ± 11.68 | 47.08 ± 9.77 | 1.633 | .109 |
Satisfaction with practice | 71.25 ± 9.44 | 72.52 ± 10.43 | 70.04 ± 8.40 | 0.938 | .353 |