Table 2 Overview of the themes and associated sub-themes

The co-creation workshops were enjoyable, useful, and instructive.

• Sharing experiences and knowledge

• Providing insight and gaining extended understanding of others’ perspectives

• Interesting and exciting to participate

• Students experience having a valuable voice

Power imbalances influenced the students’ engagement.

• A form of hierarchy

• Internal tension and power imbalance

• Nurse educators dominant in group discussions

Contextual factors influenced the participants’ overall engagement.

• Organization and structure of the workshop

• Group composition and size

• Stakeholders’ digital competence and attitudes