Table 2 Difference between the participants’ pre-test and post-test scores of their self-efficacy, attitude and anxiety (N = Table 2 Difference between the nursing students’ pre-test and post-test scores of their self-efficacy, attitude, and anxiety (N = 60)

Recognition (4 items)

Pretest

8.73

2.239

20.30

0.38095

< 0.000**

6.97

8.50

Posttest

16.47

2.087

Debriefing and recording (4 items)

Pretest

8.50

1.935

24.05

0.33821

< 0.000**

7.46

8.81

Posttest

16.63

1.895

Responding and rescuing (5 items)

Pretest

12.33

3.448

15.85

0.54460

< 0.000**

7.54

9.72

Posttest

20.97

2.050

Reporting (4 items)

Pretest

9.05

2.770

13.86

0.518

< 0.000**

6.15

8.22

Posttest

16.23

2.173

Total RSES score^a

Pretest

38.62

6.742

26.80

1.182

< 0.000**

29.32

34.05

Posttest

70.30

5.970

Attitude Dimension

Emotional attitude^b (10 items)

Pretest

32.83

15.35

9.63

2.258

< 0.000**

17.23

26.27

Posttest

54.58

8.540

Behavioral attitudes^c (3 items)

Pretest

6.72

2.44

9.58

0.384

< 0.000**

2.91

4.45

Posttest

10.40

1.40

Cognitive attitudes^d (3 items)

Pretest

7.03

2.03

11.07

0.298

< 0.000**

2.70

3.90

Posttest

10.33

1.42

Anxiety dimension^e (20 items)

Pretest

3.53

0.30

16.68

0.083

< 0.000**

1.22

1.55

Posttest

2.14

0.65