Table 6 Differences among socio-demographic characteristics in terms of the total mean score of using the non-pharmacological pain management among ICU nurses (n = 215)

Gender

Male

131

2.67

0.457

T = -1.703

df = 213

0.090

Female

84

2.78

0.473

Age groups

20–25 years old

86

2.83

0.456

F = 2.633

df = 4

0.035*

26–30 years old

58

2.59

0.403

31–35 years old

47

2.68

0.454

36–40 years old

13

2.65

0.573

41–45-year-old

11

2.64

0.620

Level of education

Diploma

30

2.84

0.544

F = 1.238

df = 2

0.292

Bachelor’s Degree

167

2.70

0.453

Master’s degree

18

2.67

0.428

Years of experience in nursing

1–5 years

121

2.76

0.436

F = 1.351

df = 4

0.252

6–10 years

50

2.66

0.470

11–15 years

26

2.71

0.477

16–20 years

10

2.46

0.494

21–25 years

8

2.62

0.726

Years of experience in ICU

1–5 years

162

2.71

0.468

F = 0.037

df = 2

0.964

6–10 years

34

2.71

0.385

> 10 years

19

2.74

0.584

Working area (type of ICU)

Surgical ICU

65

2.75

0.506

F = 0.407

df = 2

0.666

Medical ICU

81

2.68

0.366

CCU

69

2.73

0.529

Working health sector

Government

114

2.70

0.500

T = − 0.564

df = 213

0.574

Private

101

2.73

0.425

Which education source on non-pharmacological pain management you have

Opinion

22

2.72

0.372

F = 0.697

df = 2

0.627

Book

81

2.70

0.459

Colleague

70

2.76

0.462

Published work (articles)

15

2.82

0.400

In-service education

20

2.62

0.586

None

7

2.52

0.626