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Table 3 Participants’ characteristics and risk of infection, ethical dilemma, and motivation status

From: Perceived risk of infection, ethical challenges and motivational factors among frontline nurses in Covid-19 pandemic: prerequisites and lessons for future pandemic

Variables

Risk of infection

(Mean ± SD)

Ethical dilemma

(Mean ± SD)

Motivation level

(Mean ± SD)

Gender

   

 Male

49.92 ± 5.53*

16.27 ± 2.86

24.14 ± 4.73

 Female

48.63 ± 6.03

16.47 ± 2.75

23.82 ± 4.14

Religion#

   

 Hindu

49.45 ± 5.79

16.27 ± 2.77

24.03 ± 4.52

 Muslim

50.62 ± 5.85

16.75 ± 2.81

24.50 ± 5.72

 Christian

46.82 ± 5.02

17.65 ± 3.52

22.54 ± 3.26

Marital status

   

 Married

49.31 ± 6.08

16.01 ± 2.72*

23.91 ± 4.52

 Unmarried

49.46 ± 5.12

16.74 ± 2.87

24.12 ± 4.52

Professional education

   

 Diploma in nursing

51.18 ± 5.13*

15.66 ± 2.96

23.88 ± 3.95

 Graduate degree

49.07 ± 5.83

16.47 ± 2.77

42.03 ± 4.62

Working area

   

 Emergency and ICUs

49.15 ± 5.89

16.40 ± 2.68

24.15 ± 4.40

 General ward

50.00 ± 5.41

16.22 ± 3.15

23.62 ± 4.80

Training and education on Covid-19

   

 No

50.02 ± 3.99

15.86 ± 2.96

23.27 ± 5.05

 Yes

49.30 ± 6.00

16.41 ± 2.79

24.09 ± 4.44

Involve in care of ventilated patients

   

 No

51.16 ± 4.08

17.84 ± 1.68*

25.28 ± 3.46

 Yes

49.26 ± 5.85

16.26 ± 2.85

23.92 ± 4.57

Test Covid-19 positive

   

 No

48.29 ± 5.64*

16.46 ± 2.87

24.60 ± 4.28

 Yes

50.25 ± 5.74

16.25 ± 2.76

23.50 ± 4.66

Hospitalization after Covid-19

   

 No

49.06 ± 5.59*

16.32 ± 2.79

23.83 ± 4.4

 Yes

51.93 ± 6.60

16.66 ± 2.97

25.47 ± 5.07

Quarantine status

   

 No

49.00 ± 5.87

16.58 ± 2.76

24.86 ± 4.17*

 Yes

49.62 ± 5.71

16.22 ± 2.84

23.47 ± 4.66

Age (in years)^

-0.009

-0.021

-0.103*

Hospitalization days^

0.141**

0.035

0.161**

Professional experience (in years)^

0.016

-0.088

-0.127

Quarantine days^

0.078

-0.037

-0.190

  1. ^-Spearman Rho; #-Krushkal Wallis test; ICU-Intensive care unit; **-p-value < 0.01; *-p-value < 0.05