Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of nurse managers (N = 380)

Gender

0.63^#

Male

9 (2.37)

62.00 (50.33–75.00)

Female

371 (97.63)

60.00 (50.00–70.00)

Age (years)

0.47^†

20 ~ 30

18 (4.74)

62.50(46.83–77.17)

31 ~ 40

212 (55.79)

62.00(50.00–70.58)

> 40

150 (39.47)

59.00(47.00–70.00)

Marital status

0.73^†

Yes

347 (91.32)

60.00 (49.00–71.00)

No

16 (4.21)

62.50 (46.42–71.17)

Divorce

17 (4.47)

64.00 (56.00–68.00)

Number of births

0.40^†

None

23 (6.05)

63.00 (46.17–71.67)

One

249 (65.53)

60.00 (47.00–69.00)

Two

108 (28.42)

61.00 (53.00–71.58)

Educational level

0.86^†

Below undergraduate

71 (18.68)

58.00 (48.33–72.67)

Undergraduate

301 (79.21)

61.00 (49.67–70.00)

Postgraduate

8 (2.11)

62.00(59.67–67.50)

Hospital grade

0.78^†

Tertiary

236 (62.11)

61.00 (49.42–70.00)

Secondary

144 (37.89)

59.00 (50.00–71.00)

Wards

0.13^†

Surgical

150 (39.47)

58.00 (47.92–70.00)

ICU

19 (5)

58.00 (45.00–75.33)

Internal

82 (21.58)

63.00 (53.00–71.08)

Nursing department

39 (10.26)

59.00 (51.33–62.83)

Emergency

37 (9.74)

66.00 (56.67–74.33)

Operation room

22 (5.79)

57.00 (49.75–63.00)

Pediatric

31 (8.16)

63.00 (47.67–73.33)

Professional qualifications

0.25^†

Junior nurse

53 (13.95)

57.00 (45.67–64.67)

Supervisor nurse

239 (62.89)

62.00 (50.00–71.00)

Deputy chief nurse

77 (20.26)

60.00 (52.67–72.33)

Chief nurse

11 (2.89)

58.00 (50.17–65.17)

Position

0.25^#

Head nurse

343 (90.26)

61.00 (49.00–71.00)

Director

37 (9.74)

59.00 (53.00–63.00)

Professional experience (years)

0.75^†

< 5

4 (1.05)

68.00 (51.33–76.50)

5 ~ 10

37 (9.74)

62.00 (50.67–67.33)

> 10

339 (89.21)

60.00 (49.17–70.83)

Management experience (years)

0.48^†

< 5

150 (39.47)

61.00 (50.00–69.08)

5 ~ 10

128 (33.68)

60.50 (50.00–72.58)

> 10

102 (26.84)

60.00 (46.83–69.08)

Total scores for POSS

< 0.001^#

> 51

174 (45.8)

54.00 (45.00–64.00)

≤ 51

206 (54.2)

64.00 (57.00–74.00)