Table 3 Relationship between BPT experienced/nonexperienced, and existence/nonexistence of willingness to perform BPT going forward in the inexperienced group

Behavior style and experience

Experience of difficulty in service development

Experienced

279

92.7

356

93.4

0.702

278

96.9

78

83.0

< 0.001

*

Expectations for best practice in service development

Existence

288

96.0

345

89.1

0.001

*

276

94.8

69

71.9

< 0.001

*

Sources of best practice

Websites of national and local governments

267

88.1

303

75.9

< 0.001

*

240

79.5

63

64.9

0.004

*

Trainers and lecturers

202

66.7

213

53.4

< 0.001

*

167

55.3

46

47.4

0.176

Professional publications

191

63.0

205

51.4

< 0.001

*

160

53.0

45

46.4

0.259

Other websites

160

52.8

218

54.6

0.630

173

57.3

45

46.4

0.061

Inquiry to local governments nearby

122

40.3

122

30.6

0.008

*

101

33.4

21

21.6

0.028

*

Supervisors

66

21.8

100

25.1

0.311

87

28.8

13

13.4

0.002

*

Colleagues

68

17.0

55

18.2

0.702

55

18.2

13

13.4

0.273

Japan Medical Abstracts and other article search tools

42

13.9

36

9.0

0.043

*

28

9.3

8

8.2

0.759

Inquiries to universities

17

5.6

8

2.0

0.011

*

6

2.0

2

2.1

1.000

^a)

Other

20

6.6

4

1.0

< 0.001

*

1

0.3

3

3.1

0.046

*^a)

Workplace environment

Opportunities for learning about BPT

Existence

154

50.8

93

23.3

< 0.001

*

79

26.2

14

14.4

0.017

*

Desire to learn about BPT

Existence

270

89.1

333

83.5

0.033

*

271

89.7

62

63.9

< 0.001

*

Organizational culture that promotes BPT

Existence

226

74.6

138

34.6

< 0.001

*

122

40.4

16

16.5

< 0.001

*

Facilitating factors

Knowledge of BPT

Consulted websites and relevant materials

183

60.4

109

27.3

< 0.001

*^b)

87

28.8

22

22.7

0.101

Only heard of it

86

28.4

149

37.3

117

38.7

32

33.0

Awareness of the importance of BPT

Existence

295

97.4

376

94.2

0.046

*

298

98.7

78

80.4

< 0.001

*

Enhancement factors

Recognition of benefit of BPT for local residents

Existence

279

92.7

356

93.4

0.702

292

96.7

78

80.4

< 0.001

*

Expectations for reduced burden by adopting best practice

Existence

280

92.4

337

84.5

0.001

*

277

91.7

60

61.9

< 0.001

*

Support and systems required to promote BPT

Expert support

215

71.0

277

69.4

0.660

215

71.2

62

63.9

0.176

Supporter

Supervisor’s support

177

58.4

235

58.9

0.898

197

65.2

38

39.2

< 0.001

*

Head's support

112

37.0

136

34.1

0.429

103

34.1

33

34.0

0.988

Case studies available online

169

55.8

210

52.6

0.408

172

57.0

38

39.2

0.002

*

Material

Published case studies

128

42.2

165

41.4

0.813

135

44.7

30

30.9

0.017

*

Introduction video

42

13.9

55

13.8

0.977

45

14.9

10

10.3

0.254

Budget

Production development budget

263

86.8

317

79.4

0.011

*

246

81.5

71

73.2

0.080

Inspection budget

112

37.0

122

30.6

0.075

101

33.4

21

21.6

0.028

*

Information exchange sessions

157

51.8

217

54.4

0.499

176

58.3

41

42.3

0.006

*

Information

Mailing list for distributing information

91

30.0

86

21.6

0.010

*

70

23.2

16

16.5

0.164

Periodical magazine

78

25.7

88

22.1

0.255

67

22.2

21

21.6

0.912

Skill training

166

54.8

238

59.6

0.197

190

62.9

48

49.5

0.019

*

Training

Methodological guidelines

165

54.5

207

51.9

0.498

161

53.3

46

47.4

0.313

Review meeting

103

34.0

134

33.6

0.910

109

36.1

25

25.8

0.061

Other

10

3.3

6

1.5

0.114

3

1.0

3

3.1

0.157

^a)

Realization factors

Awareness of the need for criteria to evaluate the quality of practice

Existence

197

65.0

259

64.9

0.977

217

71.9

42

43.3

< 0.001

*

Criteria to evaluate the quality of practice evaluation

Clarification of outcome evaluation

256

84.5

315

78.9

0.062

248

82.1

67

69.1

0.006

*

Clarification of implementation process

229

75.6

291

72.9

0.428

232

76.8

59

60.8

0.002

*

Reaction of local residents

213

70.3

255

63.9

0.075

202

66.9

53

54.6

0.029

*

Clarification of structure including budgeting, staffing and collaborating systems

191

63.0

212

53.1

0.009

*

163

54.0

49

50.5

0.553

Evaluation by others

89

29.4

94

23.6

0.082

74

24.5

20

20.6

0.433

Enthusiasm/thoughts of those involved

32

10.6

36

9.0

0.495

29

9.6

7

7.2

0.475

Other

8

2.6

7

1.8

0.421

3

1.0

4

4.1

0.063

^a)

Awareness of the need for criteria to evaluate the applicability of practice to the local community

Existence

219

72.3

268

67.2

0.146

224

74.2

44

45.4

< 0.001

*

Criteria to evaluate the applicability of best practice

The needs and demands of local residents

235

77.6

302

75.7

0.563

231

76.5

71

73.2

0.511

Suitability/affinity with the local community

236

77.9

294

73.7

0.200

225

74.5

69

71.1

0.512

Procedural convenience

168

55.4

232

58.1

0.474

185

61.3

47

48.5

0.026

*

Flexibility to allow improvements

175

57.8

192

48.1

0.011

*

153

50.7

39

40.2

0.073

Clarification of success factors and how to meet challenges

178

58.7

186

46.6

0.001

*

146

48.3

40

41.2

0.222

Ease of explaining to stakeholders

112

37.0

151

37.8

0.811

119

39.4

32

33.0

0.257

Enjoyment of the program

86

28.4

101

25.3

0.362

79

26.2

22

22.7

0.493

Follow-up from the originator

38

12.5

41

10.3

0.347

31

10.3

10

10.3

0.990

Other

9

3.0

5

1.3

0.107

2

0.7

3

3.1

0.095

^a)

Willingness to perform

Willingness to perform BPT going forward

Existence

284

93.7

302

75.7

< 0.001

*