Table 4 Factor load of formal scale (29 items)

Factor 1 (eigenvalue 16.885, variance contribution rate 58.224%)

 16 Possess the ability to assess biosafety incident level, radiation impact range, severity, and medical rescue response level

0.763

 15 Be able to comprehensively predict and evaluate the risk of potential complications in patients with biological infections

0.755

 14 Possess the ability to assess the harm of pathogenic microorganisms

0.745

 12 Understand the main points and requirements of detection and screening of pathogenic microorganisms and drug-resistant bacteria

0.740

 10 Ability to identify biosafety risks

0.719

 9 Monitoring of microbial resistance

0.714

 8 Monitoring of common symptoms in patients with biological infections

0.697

 11 Understand the quarantine points and requirements of public goods, environment, medical equipment and equipment

0.697

 17 Master the reporting requirements, reporting time limit, reporting content and reporting process of different types of biosafety incidents

0.688

Factor 2 (eigenvalue 2.370, variance contribution rate 8.174%)

 27 Possess the ability to manage the personnel involved in biosafety emergency rescue, and be able to reasonably organize, allocate, coordinate, coordinate, guide and manage biosafety nursing work

0.788

 29 Possess the ability to coordinate nursing collaboration between different departments in biosafety rescue

0.778

 28 Possess the ability to communicate well with superiors and organizations to seek effective rescue assistance

0.775

 25 Possess the ability to coordinate and manage biosafety medical relief materials

0.757

 26 Master the key points of medical record management and record of patients with biological infection

0.720

 24 Possess the ability of psychological adjust and psychological care for biologically infected patients and their families affected by infectious diseases and biological warfare agents

0.688

 23 Possess a good ability to withstand pressure and psychological adjustment in the biosafety incident rescue

0.669

 22 Possess the ability to properly transport and evacuate bio-infected patients

0.580

Factor 3 (eigenvalue 1.436, variance contribution rate 4.950%)

 3 Be familiar with biosafety incidents involving paramedics that require paramedic involvement

0.751

 2Understand relevant laws and regulations such as the Biosafety Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, and the Regulations on Biosafety Management of Pathogenic Microorganism Laboratories

0.742

 5 Understand the types of pathogenic microorganisms and the transmission routes of different types of pathogenic microorganisms

0.728

 1 Understand biosafety definitions, categories, hazards, and current or future potential national and international biosafety risks

0.698

 6 Be familiar with the concept of antimicrobial resistance and the use of antimicrobials

0.684

 4 Grasp the knowledge of care for common symptoms of patients with biological infections such as fever, chills, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, dyspnea, convulsions, and disturbance of consciousness

0.666

 7 Understand the biosafety management and classification requirements of pathogenic microorganism laboratory

0.615

Factor 4 (eigenvalue 1.088, variance contribution rate 3.751%)

 18 Master the emergency treatment process of skin and mucous membrane exposure, respiratory mucous membrane injury, sharp instrument injury and other biosafety occupational exposure and injury

0.814

 21 Be able to properly handle blood, body fluids, secretions, excreta and biosafety-related medical waste from patients with biological infections

0.773

 20 Strengthen nosocomial infection control to reduce the occurrence of drug-resistant bacterial infection

0.707

 13 Master the correct collection methods of blood culture samples and nasopharyngeal swabs from patients with biological infection

0.631

 19 Understand the vaccination of biosafety protective vaccines

0.617