Table 3 Variables associated with nurses’ overall happiness, hope, and future expectation levels

\( \bar x \pm ss\)±SS

2.34 ± 0.98

2.22 ± 0.95

1.26 ± 0.54

Marital status

Married

Single

Testing and Materiality

192

134

2.45 ± 1.02

2.17 ± 0.90

t = 2.586,p*=0.010

2.29 ± 0.94

2.13 ± 0.96

t = 1.464, p = 0.144

1.26 ± 0.56

1.24 ± 0.45

t = 1.301, p = 0.072

Age

21–25 years old ^a

26–30 years old ^b

31–35 years old ^c

36–40 years old ^d

41–45 years old ^e

46 years old and over ^f

Test and Materiality

57

88

44

64

39

34

2.24 ± 0.87

2.29 ± 1.04

2.22 ± 1.05

2.48 ± 1.00

2.48 ± 1.07

2.35 ± 0.81

F = 0.697,p = 0.626

2.19 ± 0.89

2.18 ± 1.01

2.25 ± 0.96

2.23 ± 0.95

2.28 ± 0.91

2.29 ± 1.00

F = 0.111,p = 0.989

1.24 ± 0.48

1.15 ± 0.48

1.30 ± 0.48

1.19 ± 0.49

1.45 ± 0.73

1.40 ± 0.62

F = 2.456,p*=0.033

Difference; e > b

Income generating additional work

Yes

No

Test and Materiality

23

303

2.08 ± 1.04

2.36 ± 0.92

t=-1.231, p = 0.230

1.86 ± 0.81

2.25 ± 0.96

t=-2.152, p*=0.041

1.23 ± 0.36

1.26 ± 0.55

t=-1.346, p = 0.073

Desire to practice nursing abroad

Yes

No

Test and Materiality

253

73

2.23 ± 0.93

2.71 ± 1.07

t=-3.424,p**=0.001

2.13 ± 0.90

2.53 ± 1.05

t=-3.159,p*=0.002

1.23 ± 0.48

1.33 ± 0.71

t=-1.350,p = 0.178

Satisfaction with income

Not Satisfied at all ^a

Not Satisfied ^b

Moderate ^c

I am satisfied ^d

Test and Materiality

162

87

68

9

1.91 ± 0.88

2.52 ± 0.83

2.94 ± 0.89

3.77 ± 0.66

F = 3.619,p**=0.000

Difference; d > c, b, a

1.85 ± 0.87

2.41 ± 0.88

2.67 ± 0.80

3.66 ± 0.86

F = 5.737,p**=0.000

Difference; a < b, c, d

1.16 ± 0.35

1.33 ± 0.64

1.30 ± 0.66

1.97 ± 0.65

F = 7.920,p**=0.000

Difference; d > c, b, a

Satisfaction of income to meet needs

Does Not Meet at All ^a

Does not meet ^b

Moderately Meets ^c

Meets ^d

Test and Materiality

97

133

84

12

1.73 ± 0.82

2.33 ± 0.87

2.89 ± 0.89

3.58 ± 0.66

F = 6.208,p**=0.000

Difference; d > a, b, c

1.74 ± 0.84

2.21 ± 0.89

2.71 ± 0.92

2.83 ± 0.71

F = 2.244,p**=0.000

Difference; d > a, b, c

1.10 ± 0.38

1.27 ± 0.51

1.35 ± 0.68

1.71 ± 0.56

F = 6.690,p**=0.000

Difference; d > a, c > a

The most important value that is a source of happiness

Health ^a

Love ^b

Money ^c

Success ^d

Work ^e

Other ^f

Test and Materiality

180

74

37

19

4

12

2.44 ± 098

2.55 ± 0.96

1.56 ± 0.64

2.21 ± 0.97

2.00 ± 0.81

2.27 ± 1.10

F = 5.217,p**=0.000

Difference; c < a, b

2.31 ± 0.88

2.37 ± 1.02

1.56 ± 0.80

2.10 ± 1.04

1.75 ± 0.95

2.45 ± 1.12

F = 4.355,p**=0.000

Difference; c < a, b

1.26 ± 0.58

1.32 ± 0.57

1.15 ± 0.35

1.13 ± 0.36

1.25 ± 0.37

1.26 ± 0.49

F = 0.692, p = 0.630

Evaluation of personal development (last five years)

Developed ^a

Stayed the same ^b

Regressed ^c

No idea ^d

Test and Materiality

139

60

113

14

2.74 ± 0.98

2.31 ± 0.81

1.90 ± 0.89

2.07 ± 0.82

F = 7.725,p**=0.000

Difference; c < a, b

2.61 ± 1.03

2.13 ± 0.76

1.79 ± 0.75

2.28 ± 0.72

F = 7.700,p**=0.000

Difference; c < a, b

1.43 ± 0.63

1.21 ± 0.43

1.11 ± 0.39

0.90 ± 0.47

F = 10.662,p**=0.000

Difference; a > b, c, d