Association between abusive supervision and nurses’ withholding voice about patient safety: the roles of impression management motivation and speak up-related climate

Table 3 Hierarchical multiple regression model for withholding voice and impression management motivation (n = 419)

	Withholding voice			Impression management motivation
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5		Model 6		Model 7
Control variables
Gender
male vs female	0.44	0.26	0.24	0.25	0.14		0.12		0.07
Age
25–29 vs <25	0.15	0.12	0.14	-0.16	-0.18		-0.17		-0.17
≥30 vs <25	0.20	0.20	0.22		-0.23	-0.23		-0.22		-0.22
Professional categories
Nurse practitioner vs Nurses	-0.13	-0.15	-0.17		0.20	0.18		0.16			0.16
Nurse-in-charge or above vs Nurses	-0.26	-0.28*	-0.29*		0.02	0.01		-0.01			-0.02
Monthly income (RMB) >10000 vs ≤10000	-0.07	-0.06	-0.04		-0.24*	-0.24*		-0.23*			-0.23*
Independent variable
Abusive supervision		0.40**	0.38**			0.23*		0.26**			0.27**
Mediator
Impression management motivation			0.10**
Moderator
Speak up-related climate								0.09			0.09
Abusive supervision× Speak up-related climate											0.24*
R²	0.02	0.12	0.14		0.04	0.05		0.06			0.06
ΔR²	0.02	0.09	0.02		0.04	0.01		0.00			0.01
F	1.63	7.69	8.15		2.61	3.12		2.96			3.08

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