Dependent variable | Â | N(study) | ME | 95% confidence Interval | I2 | p-valve | Tau-squared |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of medication error | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | wrong patient | 14 | 17.4 | 12.2–22.6 | 87.5 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
 | wrong medicine | 15 | 19.7 | 14.8–24.6 | 85.2 | 0.00 | 0.008 |
 | Wrong prescription | 19 | 24.7 | 18.2–31.3 | 92.8 | 0.00 | 0.02 |
 | Wrong dose | 18 | 26.4 | 20.1–32.8 | 91.0 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
 | wrong time | 16 | 27.3 | 18.7–36 | 95.8 | 0.00 | 0.03 |
Cause of medication error | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Fatigue | 7 | 42.7 | 15.4–70.1 | 98.5 | 0.00 | 0.15 |
 | Crowded workplace | 7 | 43 | 18.1–67.8 | 98.4 | 0.00 | 0.12 |
 | Lack of nurses | 9 | 38.8 | 21.1–56.4 | 97 | 0.00 | 0.07 |
 | High workload | 4 | 16.9 | 5-28.9 | 91.3 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
Time of medication error | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Morning | 3 | 18.5 | 5.7–31.2 | 82.5 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
 | Evening | 3 | 25 | 11.6–38.3 | 78.6 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
 | Night | 5 | 41.1 | 33.4–48.7 | 54.6 | 0.06 | 0.00 |
Number of error reports | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Once | 6 | 48.5 | 27.5–69.6 | 97.1 | 0.00 | 0.06 |
 | Twice or more | 6 | 51.5 | 30-73.3 | 97.3 | 0.00 | 0.07 |
Sample size | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | < 100 | 13 | 60 | 44–76 | 98 | 0.0 | 0.08 |
 | 100–200 | 12 | 64.2 | 50.7–77.8 | 98.1 | 0.0 | 0.05 |
 | 200–300 | 5 | 53.4 | 33.2–73.6 | 98.4 | 0.0 | 0.05 |
 | 300–400 | 5 | 24.5 | 15.8–33.3 | 95.3 | 0.0 | 0.009 |
 | > 400 | 1 | 17 | 13.7–20.3 | - | 0.0 | 0.000 |
Development of the research site | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | underprivileged | 6 | 47.9 | 9.7–86.2 | 99.8 | 0.014 | 0.22 |
 | Medium development | 17 | 55 | 41.3–70.5 | 98.6 | 0.0 | 0.09 |
 | Developed | 13 | 56 | 40.6–69.8 | 98.6 | 0.0 | 0.07 |
Quality | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Low | 4 | 45.6 | 21.5–69.7 | 93.6 | 0.00 | 0.05 |
 | Medium | 24 | 62.1 | 51.1–73.2 | 98.7 | 0.00 | 0.07 |
 | High | 8 | 35.2 | 19.1–51.3 | 99.1 | 0.00 | 0.05 |
Tool | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Researcher | 20 | 52.6 | 36.2–68.9 | 99.4 | 0.00 | 0.13 |
 | Other | 16 | 56.4 | 41.2–71.6 | 99.0 | 0.00 | 0.09 |
Language | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Persian | 23 | 53.7 | 40.1–67.2 | 99.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
 | English | 13 | 55.4 | 38-72.7 | 99.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
N hospital | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | 1 | 12 | 59.3 | 49.1–69.4 |  | 94.6 | 0.02 |
 | 2–5 | 9 | 56.6 | 39-74.2 |  | 98.2 | 0.07 |
 | > 5 | 5 | 32.4 | 9.2–55.6 |  | 99.3 | 0.11 |